{"id":1524,"date":"2025-06-09T15:41:25","date_gmt":"2025-06-09T08:41:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/?p=1524"},"modified":"2025-06-10T09:04:48","modified_gmt":"2025-06-10T02:04:48","slug":"qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1. L\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (nh\u01b0 glucose v\u00e0 fructose) th\u00e0nh r\u01b0\u1ee3u (ethanol) v\u00e0 kh\u00ed CO2 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu oxy. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi n\u1ea5m men, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Saccharomyces cerevisiae, lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m men ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t r\u01b0\u1ee3u. Khi l\u00ean men, n\u1ea5m men s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi s\u1ea3n sinh ra r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 kh\u00ed CO2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, khi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00ean men t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y hay ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9c u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed3n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2. Hai qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u <\/strong>b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi glucose (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh pyruvate v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac khi pyruvate tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ethanol v\u00e0 kh\u00ed CO2. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.1. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n, l\u00e0 l\u00fac glucose \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh hai ph\u00e2n t\u1eed pyruvate. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho t\u1ebf b\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 hai ph\u00e2n t\u1eed pyruvate, hai ph\u00e2n t\u1eed NADH v\u00e0 hai ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ATP, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2.2 L\u00ean men <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n k\u1ebft th\u00fac, hai ph\u00e2n t\u1eed pyruvate s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh ethanol (r\u01b0\u1ee3u) v\u00e0 kh\u00ed CO2 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men di\u1ec5n ra qua hai b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: T\u00e1ch carboxyl<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, pyruvate s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m CO2 v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh acetaldehyde, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u00ed CO2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Kh\u1eed acetaldehyde th\u00e0nh ethanol<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, acetaldehyde s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh ethanol (r\u01b0\u1ee3u) nh\u1edd m\u1ed9t enzyme \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed3n:<\/strong> Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bia, r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u m\u1ea1nh. N\u1ea5m men l\u00ean men \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau, chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh ethanol v\u00e0 carbon dioxide.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong l\u00e0m b\u00e1nh: <\/strong>L\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh l\u00e0m b\u00e1nh, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m c\u1ee7a b\u00e1nh. Carbon dioxide sinh ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men gi\u00fap b\u1ed9t b\u00e1nh n\u1edf ra, t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 x\u1ed1p cho b\u00e1nh m\u00ec.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc: <\/strong>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bioethanol, m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, thay th\u1ebf nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m:<\/strong> L\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng sinh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • T\u1ea1o h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc hoa: <\/strong>L\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc hoa \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    \u00dd ngh\u0129a v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o: <\/strong>\u0110\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed3n t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    3. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u <\/strong>vang g\u1ed3m ethanol v\u00e0 carbon dioxide. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, pyruvate \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh acetaldehyde nh\u1edd enzyme pyruvate decarboxylase. Sau \u0111\u00f3, acetaldehyde \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed th\u00e0nh ethanol nh\u1edd enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase, gi\u00fap t\u00e1i sinh NAD+ t\u1eeb NADH.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ngo\u00e0i ethanol v\u00e0 CO2, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 esters, alcohol b\u1eadc cao, axit succinic, glycerol, 2,3-butanediol, diacetyl v\u00e0 acetoin. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00ean men.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u etylic<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ngo\u00e0i ethanol v\u00e0 glycerol, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb, m\u00f9i th\u01a1m v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00ean men.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Axit acetic<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Diacetyl, acetoin v\u00e0 2,3-butanediol<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Ethanal\/acetaldehyde<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Este<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Alcohol b\u1eadc cao<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Axit succinic<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed3n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      4. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a r\u01b0\u1ee3u:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i nho v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nho l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a r\u01b0\u1ee3u. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i nho c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean men \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m men v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t m\u00f9i th\u01a1m. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 18-28\u00b0C gi\u00fap qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men di\u1ec5n ra hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Th\u1eddi gian l\u00ean men<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Th\u1eddi gian l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang d\u00e0i gi\u00fap r\u01b0\u1ee3u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0110\u1ed9 pH v\u00e0 oxy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0110\u1ed9 pH c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u (3.2-3.6) \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5m men ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng oxy nh\u1ecf trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00fap n\u1ea5m men ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      5. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa l\u00ean men v\u00e0 ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      L\u00ean men v\u00e0 ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t l\u00e0 2 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed3n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>L\u00ean men<\/strong><\/td>Ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
      Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh<\/td>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ea5m men \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh c\u1ed3n.<\/td>T\u00e1ch ethanol t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00ean men \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed3n.<\/td><\/tr>
      \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/td>L\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed3n.<\/td>L\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo sau l\u00ean men \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed3n.<\/td><\/tr>
      M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/td>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed3n v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed3n th\u1ea5p.<\/td>T\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean men.<\/td><\/tr>
      S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/td>R\u01b0\u1ee3u ethanol v\u00e0 CO2.<\/td>\u0110\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed3n m\u1ea1nh (whiskey, brandy, …).<\/td><\/tr>
      C\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed3n?<\/td>C\u00f3, m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/td>Kh\u00f4ng, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed3n m\u1edbi ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t.<\/td><\/tr>
      V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/td>R\u01b0\u1ee3u vang, bia.<\/td>Whiskey (t\u1eeb bia), Brandy (t\u1eeb r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang).<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      6. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00ean men ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      C\u00f3 3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00ean men ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      6.1 Lactic acid fermentation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      L\u00ean men axit lactic di\u1ec5n ra khi vi khu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c n\u1ea5m men chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c tinh b\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh axit lactic m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 c\u00f2n trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh. Khi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 oxy, c\u01a1 b\u1eafp s\u1ebd sinh ra axit lactic, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u0111au c\u01a1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ngo\u00e0i ra, l\u00ean men axit lactic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eefa chua, d\u01b0a mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00ean men kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      6.2 Alcohol fermentation\/Ethanol fermentation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      L\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 n\u1ea5m men chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a pyruvate th\u00e0nh r\u01b0\u1ee3u ethanol v\u00e0 carbon dioxide. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t r\u01b0\u1ee3u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra bia, r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      6.3 Acetic acid fermentation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Axit acetic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra khi vi khu\u1ea9n chuy\u1ec3n ethanol th\u00e0nh axit acetic, t\u1ea1o ra gi\u1ea5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gia v\u1ecb chua t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y v\u00e0 ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      7. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1ee7i ro m\u00e0 l\u00ean men t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      L\u00ean men t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, hay l\u00ean men b\u1eb1ng n\u1ea5m men hoang d\u00e3 (nh\u01b0 Candid Kl\u00f6ckera\/Hanseniaspora, Metschnikowiaceae, Pichia v\u00e0 Zygosaccharomyces) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u cao c\u1ea5p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u1edd v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng chai r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u0169ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      H\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00ean men t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb phong ph\u00fa, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c n\u1ea5m men hoang d\u00e3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n, nh\u01b0 axit b\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c lactone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Kh\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      L\u00ean men t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng n\u1ea5m men, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb r\u01b0\u1ee3u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      C\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n, nh\u01b0 vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi n\u1ea5m men hoang d\u00e3, g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, l\u00ean men t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t r\u01b0\u1ee3u danh ti\u1ebfng, nh\u1edd v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00ean men t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a l\u00ean men t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/strong>, ICFOOD hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m men r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 enzyme nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • L\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u t\u1eeb g\u1ea1o: Leaven, KV21, Active dry yeast<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • L\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y: Men vang \u0111\u1ecf RV002, Men vang tr\u1eafng BV818<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Enzyme c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i: Alpha-amylase (AHA-100T), Gluco-amylase (GA260), Pectinase<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        1. L\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (nh\u01b0 glucose v\u00e0 fructose) th\u00e0nh r\u01b0\u1ee3u (ethanol) v\u00e0 kh\u00ed CO2 trong [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1525,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1524","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"yoast_head":"\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh - ICFOOD Vietnam<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh - ICFOOD Vietnam\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"1. L\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (nh\u01b0 glucose v\u00e0 fructose) th\u00e0nh r\u01b0\u1ee3u (ethanol) v\u00e0 kh\u00ed CO2 trong [\u2026]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ICFOOD Vietnam\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/icfoodvn\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-09T08:41:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-06-10T02:04:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ruou-1.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"700\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"food\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"food\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"12 ph\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"food\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#\/schema\/person\/2e283643dd24c26e83e2be205bd3fe1a\"},\"headline\":\"Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-09T08:41:25+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-10T02:04:48+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/\"},\"wordCount\":2665,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ruou-1.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Tin t\u1ee9c\"],\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/\",\"name\":\"Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh - ICFOOD Vietnam\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ruou-1.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-09T08:41:25+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-10T02:04:48+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ruou-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ruou-1.png\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":700},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Trang ch\u1ee7\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/\",\"name\":\"ICFOOD Vietnam\",\"description\":\"ICFOOD Vietnam company website\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"vi\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#organization\",\"name\":\"ICFOOD Vietnam\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/cropped-original-lo-Copy.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/cropped-original-lo-Copy.jpg\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"ICFOOD Vietnam\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/icfoodvn\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#\/schema\/person\/2e283643dd24c26e83e2be205bd3fe1a\",\"name\":\"food\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/56ab8a03c93d2e9c2e93f5d5bd1f1bb5004aa57d83a7f787f0d564bedb9e0f5c?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/56ab8a03c93d2e9c2e93f5d5bd1f1bb5004aa57d83a7f787f0d564bedb9e0f5c?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"food\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/author\/food\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh - ICFOOD Vietnam","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/","og_locale":"vi_VN","og_type":"article","og_title":"Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh - ICFOOD Vietnam","og_description":"1. L\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (nh\u01b0 glucose v\u00e0 fructose) th\u00e0nh r\u01b0\u1ee3u (ethanol) v\u00e0 kh\u00ed CO2 trong [\u2026]","og_url":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/","og_site_name":"ICFOOD Vietnam","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/icfoodvn","article_published_time":"2025-06-09T08:41:25+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-06-10T02:04:48+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1000,"height":700,"url":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ruou-1.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"food","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi":"food","\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc":"12 ph\u00fat"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/"},"author":{"name":"food","@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#\/schema\/person\/2e283643dd24c26e83e2be205bd3fe1a"},"headline":"Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh","datePublished":"2025-06-09T08:41:25+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-10T02:04:48+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/"},"wordCount":2665,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ruou-1.png","articleSection":["Tin t\u1ee9c"],"inLanguage":"vi","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/","url":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/","name":"Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh - ICFOOD Vietnam","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ruou-1.png","datePublished":"2025-06-09T08:41:25+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-10T02:04:48+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"vi","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"vi","@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ruou-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ruou-1.png","width":1000,"height":700},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2025\/06\/09\/qua-trinh-len-men-ruou-va-nhung-san-pham-tao-thanh\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Trang ch\u1ee7","item":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#website","url":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/","name":"ICFOOD Vietnam","description":"ICFOOD Vietnam company website","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"vi"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#organization","name":"ICFOOD Vietnam","url":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"vi","@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/cropped-original-lo-Copy.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/cropped-original-lo-Copy.jpg","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"ICFOOD Vietnam"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/icfoodvn"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#\/schema\/person\/2e283643dd24c26e83e2be205bd3fe1a","name":"food","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"vi","@id":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/56ab8a03c93d2e9c2e93f5d5bd1f1bb5004aa57d83a7f787f0d564bedb9e0f5c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/56ab8a03c93d2e9c2e93f5d5bd1f1bb5004aa57d83a7f787f0d564bedb9e0f5c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"food"},"url":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/author\/food\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1524","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1524"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1524\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1546,"href":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1524\/revisions\/1546"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1525"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1524"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1524"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1524"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}