{"id":1859,"date":"2026-04-08T15:39:29","date_gmt":"2026-04-08T08:39:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/?p=1859"},"modified":"2026-04-08T16:18:45","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T09:18:45","slug":"yeu-to-then-chot-de-toi-uu-hoa-qua-trinh-nuoi-cay-giong-trong-cong-nghiep-len-men","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/icfood.vn\/hp\/2026\/04\/08\/yeu-to-then-chot-de-toi-uu-hoa-qua-trinh-nuoi-cay-giong-trong-cong-nghiep-len-men\/","title":{"rendered":"Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y gi\u1ed1ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00ean men"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra ngu\u1ed3n gi\u1ed1ng vi sinh (seed culture) ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian l\u00ean men m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf r\u1ee7i ro nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n gi\u1ed1ng vi sinh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00eau ch\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0: sinh kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u1ea5y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, chu k\u1ef3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh sinh l\u00fd m\u1ea1nh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ea1p vi sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, pH, oxy), tu\u1ed5i gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 c\u1ea5p nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 gi\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 tr\u00ean, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u2013 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n nit\u01a1 \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. Ngu\u1ed3n nit\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00ean men v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n nit\u01a1 h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1eadu ph\u1ed9ng, b\u1ed9t c\u00e1, d\u1ecbch ng\u00e2m b\u1eafp (corn steep liquor), gluten b\u1eafp, peptone, n\u1ea5m men b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t, chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t n\u1ea5m men,\u2026 Tuy nhi\u00ean, do b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ngu\u1ed3n nit\u01a1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng. So v\u1edbi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00ean men ch\u00ednh, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ngu\u1ed3n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao h\u01a1n nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i sinh l\u00fd t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n nit\u01a1 hi\u1ec7n nay, chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t n\u1ea5m men b\u00e1nh m\u00ec (baker\u2019s yeast extract) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng vi sinh. Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n gi\u00e0u peptide, axit amin, vitamin, nucleotide v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, yeast extract gi\u00fap cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh v\u00e0 kh\u1ecfe. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00e1c, yeast extract c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ri\u00eang, r\u00fat ng\u1eafn pha log v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t n\u1ea5m men c\u00f2n s\u1edf h\u1eefu nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n cao, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh s\u1ea1ch v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i. Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3, baker\u2019s yeast extract ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00ean men c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vi sinh. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng yeast extract th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 FM902<\/strong> v\u00e0 FM308<\/strong> \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00ean men. Trong \u0111\u00f3, FM902 l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 vi sinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, FM308 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng peptide m\u1ea1ch ng\u1eafn cao, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian l\u00ean men v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. T\u00f9y theo m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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